Tt

t
prefix in the metric system for metric ton; troy.

tablet (Graphics Tablet)
an input device that uses a stylus or specialized mouse to write or draw on the tablet surface to communicate with the computer.

tack
(1) condition of being sticky; (2) the relatively low splitting force of ink; (3) a large loose stitch used as a temporary fastener of fabric.

tack-free finish
any coating or ink that is not sticky to touch after curing or drying.

tackifier
an additive used to improve stickiness of an adhesive film; also refer to detackifier.

tackmeter
instrument used to measure the stickiness of material by pressing two surfaces together under a known weight for a given time period, and then using a steadily increasing force to separate them.

tack rag
a treated cloth used to remove dust or other foreign material from a surface.

tack surface
a surface having a sticky feel.

tactile response
the sudden snap-back of a membrane switch.

tactile signage
high contrast, raised or incised sign intended for the visually impaired.

tactile switch
an assembly that provides a positive snap-action reponse.

taffeta weave
a particular type of weave for screen mesh where single strands in the width direction (weft) cross over then under single strands in the length direction; a plain weave.

tag
a strip made of cardstock, paper, or plastic attached to an item to idenify, classify, or label it.

tag stock
thin flexible cardboard available in white and a range of colors.

tagged image file format (TIFF)
a file format used to represent black and white, grayscale, or color bit mapped images; a common format for interchanging digital information.

take-off device
a mechanical device for removing freshly printed substrates from the press.

talc
a hydrated magnesium silicate used to reduce gloss and give velvet finish in ink formulations.

tamper proof adhesive
a label adhesive that is extremely aggressive and will not permit removal in one piece.

tamper-proof label
a pressure sensitive made of low strength face material so attempted removal of the label results in its destruction.

tank
a production furnace for melting glass.

tap out
a spot of ink applied to a substrate with the finger, using a tapping action to distribute the ink evenly to approximate printing film thickness.

taped neck
an additional piece of flat knit generally sewn over the original seam, attaching the neck to the body of the garment.

tapering
to become gradually thinner or narrow towards one end; diminish, make smaller.

TAPPI
acronym for Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (US).

TAPPI (GE) brightness
the reflectance of blue light measured under carefully controlled geometric, photometric, and spectral conditions.

TARGA
acroynm for truevison advanced raster graphics adaptor.

target
the portion of the original to be scanned.

tear strength
(1) the force required ti initiate or continue a tear in a material under specified conditions; (2) the force required to tear an elastomer divided by the sample thickness.

tear tab
an additional area of face stock attached by the release liner to a pressure sensitive label produced in single form to facilitate removal of the release liner.

tearing resistance
(1) internal (or continuous) measured where the edge of the material has been cut prior to the actual tear, expressed in grams of force required to tear 16 sheets; (2) edge-tearing resistance measures the force required to make an initial tear; (3) torsion-tearing resistance of paper or paperboard is the energy expanded in propagating a tear when the tearing force is applied in such a manner as to create a twist or torque.

Teflon®
a trademark of the Du Pont Corporation for polytetraflouoroethylene, a waxy opaque material.

telephone poles
an embrodiery needle that is larger than a number 14.

temp
abbreviation for temperature.

temperature humidity controls
equipment or device for regulating both temperature and humidity in given areas.

temperature tapes
paper material treated with a heat sensitive colored substance that drastically changes color at a specified temperature.

tempered
having the required degree of hardness or elasticity.

tempered glass
glass that has been strengthened by chemical tempering or by rapid cooling from near its softening point.

temporary support
any support sheet on which film or printed material is placed for handling between initial process and final positioning.

tenacity
the relative strength of a textile fiber, expressed in grams of breaking force per denier unit.

tendon lock
a lock for interchangeable cards, usually a tap or tongue inserted into a slot.

tensile modulus
the ratio of stress to strain in a material that is elastically deformed.

tensile strength
(1) a measurement of the deformation produced in a material by an applied force; (2) the ability of a material to resist lateral strain or longitudinal stress from being pulled in opposite directions.

tension
(1) the tightness of a stretched screen mesh; (2) the stress caused by a force or forces operating to extend, stretch or pull apart a material; (3) tautness of thread when forming stitches.

tension loss
a decrease in mesh tension from original tautness.

tension stability
the property of stretched mesh to retain a balanced state of tautness.

tensioning system
a mechanical device for stretching screen mesh to correct tension.

tensiometer
refer to tensionmeter.

tensionmeter (tensiometer)
(1) an instrument used to measure the tautness of screen mesh in Newtons per centimeter; (2) an insturment to measure surface and interfacial tension of liquids, or tensile strength of solids.

tent card
small displays made of light weight stock, scored in the center for folding.

tera
a prefix utilized in the metric system of measurement that denotes 10 to the twelfth power (10¹²) or 1 000 000 000 000.0; symbol is T.

terabyte
1,099,511,627,776 bytes of computer memory; one thousand gigabytes or one million megabytes.

teratogen
a chemical that has been scientifically demonstrated to cause physical defects in the developing human embryo.

termination
(1) a chemical reaction between polymer radicals that result in a solid polymeric network; (2) point where a membrane switch gets connected to a device.

terpenes
a group of aromatic hydrocarbons that include turpentine, dipentine and others of the aliphatic class.

terpolymer
a polymer composed of three different monomers where the repeated structural units of all three are present within each molecule such as ABS.

terrace easel
an easel for supporting several levels of a display.

tertiary colors
the three colors created by mixing combinations of secondary colors; any intermediate hue that contains some parts of each of the three primary colors.

test impression
refer to proof.

testing
a means of determining the capability of an item to meet specified requirements.

text
written or printed descriptive words or copy.

textile
(1) a woven cloth or fabric; (2) fiber or yarn for weaving into fabric.

textile lacquer
screen printing ink manufactured with lacquer base suitable for decorating cloth.

textile screen printing
the decoration by screen printing of colors or dyes on woven or non-woven fabrics, printed as continuous yard goods, cut goods, or a completed textile unit.

texture
the feel or appearance of a material.

texture mapping
placing a texture or image file on the surface of a 3D computer image.

theoretical ink volume (TIV)
a mathematical representation of the volume of a cube of ink in a mesh opening that is calculated from the open area and mesh thickness specifications.

thermal chromatic
a special compound of micro encapsulated organic crystals with a pigment base that turns colorless at specified heat ranges; ink or dye that changes color when subjected to specified heat ranges.

thermal coefficient of resistance
the change in resistance of a semi-conductor per unit change in temperature over a specific range of temperature.

thermal conductivity
the relative ability of a material to conduct heat; referred to as K-factor.

thermal diecutting
cutting to desired shape by means of heated elements, usually magnesium dies that have been formed to the desired design.

thermal endurance
relative ability of a material such as glass or other rigid substrate to withstand thermal shock.

thermal expansion
an increase in size due to an increase in temperature expressed in units of an increase in length or increase in size per degree such as inches/inch/degree C.

thermal film
a heat sensitive film that turns from clear to black when exposed to heat; the film that carries an image from a thermal imagesetter.

thermal gradient
the distribution of a different temperature through a body or across a surface.

themal printer
a nonimpact printer that uses heat sensitive paper to form an image.

thermal sensitivity shift
the shift in sensitivity due to changes of the ambient temperature from room temperature to the specified limits of the compensated temperature range.

thermal setting
the use of elevated temperatures in curing to obtain a useable form of product.

thermal shock
the facture of a material that results from rapid temperature change.

thermal shrinkage
refer to free shrink.

thermal stress
cracking or crazing of a thermoplastic material from exposure to high temperatures.

thermal transfer printer
a machine that digitally prints by transferring inks (resin or wax) from a foil or ribbon onto a media.

thermal wax printer
a medium-resolution color output device that must first separate the color information for continuous tone and spot color into three or four primaries, and are printed in multiple passes, one for each color. A/k/a thermal wax transfer.

thermal zero shift
an error due to changes in ambient temperature where the zero pressure output shifts, moving the entire calibration curve in a parallel displacement.

thermistor
a resistor composed of semiconductors having resistance that varies rapidly and predictibly with temperature. (Thermistors usually have negative temperature coefficients and are often used as a temperature controller in a dryer).

thermocouple
an instrument for measuring temperature difference, usually constructed of two dissimilar joined metals for producing a thermo-electric current that is transmitted to a scale for direct reading.

thermochromatic ink
ink that is designed to change or loose color when the ambient temperature is increased, formulated to shift at different temperature levels, and to shift back to original color when the ambient temperature is reduced.

thermoforming
process for forming a sheet of plastic into a three- dimensional shape through the application of heat and pressure, also refer to vacuum forming.

thermographic paper
a substrate where the image is formed by an irreversible chemical change that occurs when heat is applied or as a result of a physical change that occurs in a thin coating over the sheet.

thermography
a printing process where the ink, while still wet, is dusted with a resinous powder that adheres to the ink, which is then heat treated causing the powder particles to fuse together giving a raised effect.

thermoplastic (TP)
plastic material that can be made to flow repeatedly with the application of heat; to become soft when heated and solid when cool.

thermoplastic adhesive
a double-layered flock transfers with an additional coating of adhesive, between the silicon coated paper and the plastisol layer (flock adhesive).

thermoplastic toner
resin particles melted by heat that are cooled to form a solid.

thermoset
a type of plastic that under the influence of heat softens and then becomes permanently set and infusible when cooled; a plastic material that once cured cannot be made to reform.

thermosetting ink
ink that polymerize to a permanently solid and infusible state upon application of heat and sebsequent cooling.

thickener
inert composition formulated for intermixing with thin viscosity ink or dye to increase body or add bulk.

thick film circuit
circuits consisting of screen printed patterns of conductive inks or coatings on ceramic substrates that are fired at high temperatures.

thick film ink
refer to conductive ink.

thickness gauge
a type of instrument used to determine the thickness of a stencil, screen mesh, or ink layer.

thin film circuit
circuit made by printing conductors, resistors, and capacitors in a prescribed arrangement on a dielectric substrate, then adding complete prefabricated active components to the thin film structure. (The prescribed pattern may also be obtained by evaporating or sputtering certain materials in a vacuum by selectively masking undesired substrate areas).

thin film ink
screen printing ink used in the production of thin deposit or etched electronic circuits.

thin negative
a negative that is underexposed or underdeveloped.

thinner
a liquid that reduces viscosity, but does not impair the power of the solvent.

thin stencil
(1) a thin gauge film on a support sheet for knife-cutting; (2) an inadequately exposed photoscreen stencil or one that has been deliberately underexposed to obtain a film that is thinner than the available potential thickness.

thirty
symbol used in newspapers to designate the end of a story.

thirty (30) sheet poster (billboard)
larger outdoor poster approximately 297 x 663 cm (117 x 261 inches), usually consisting of 12 sheets or less; refer to poster paper.

thirty-two sheet poster (billboard)
larger outdoor poster approximately 305 x 406 cm (120 x 160 inches).

thixotropic fluid
liquid whose viscosity decreases as shear rate of agitation increases.

thixotrophy
the property exhibited by certain compounds to liquefy or have low viscosity, when agitated or stirred, but setups slightly when standing still; the ability of a material to thicken on standing but to regain flow with agitation.

thread
(1) an individual mesh strand, fiber, or filament; (2) to feed web material through the various stations of an inline screen printing press, and onto the rewind mechanism; (3) fine cord of natural or synthetic material made from two or more filaments twisted together and used for stitchery.

thread contour
the shape of a thread in cross section observed along the major axis.

thread count
a measure of how closely woven a fabric or mesh is, determined by the number of warp and weft threads per square centimeter or square inch; the number of threads per linear unit of measure.

thread diameter
the measurement across the center of a thread, strand of fiber, or filament.

three-color process
a method of reproduction similar to four-color process except that the black printer is omitted.

three-dimensional press
a printing press capable of printing round, oval, or square containers and a variety of irregular shapes.

three-point lay
refer to register guide.

three-point system
method for controlling tonal range in halftone photography; specifying highlight, shadow, and midtone dots on a tone reproduction.

three-quarter automatic
refers to an automated press where substrate feeding is done manually, but printing and substrate removal functions are automatic.

three-roll mill
grinding equipment with three rollers used to homogeneously prepare glass and ceramic powder mixtures with a medium.

three-step overdyeing
a process of dyeing, overdyeing, and stone washing garments to get a two-tone splotchy design.

threshold
a value to which a signal is compared when transforming from a multilevel value to a binary value. (In binary scan, parts of the image below the threshold record as black, while the part above the threshold record as white).

threshold limit value (TLV)
the airborne concentration level of a substance that below which no adverse health affects are observed. (TLV’s may be measured over an 9-hour workday/40-hour work week (TWA), or during a 15-minute average exposure (STEL); an exposure level under which most people can work consistently for 8 hours a day, day after day, with no harmful effects.

tie dye
process where designs are created by tying the garment up with rubber bands or string into various configurations and applying dye to the garment to create multicolored patterns.

tick mark
refer to crop mark.

TIFF
acronym for tagged image file format; a common format for interchanging digital information, generally associated with grayscale and bitmap data.

tight pick
a weft thread that had been woven under excessive tension, causing puckering of the mesh.

tight release
the level of adhesion between a release liner and the adhesive in a pressure sensitive material when the liner is difficult to remove.

tiling
the process of breaking down an image or page into sections for editing or printing purposes.

time and temperature control
a method of controlling the development of photographic film at a given time and temperature.

tinctorial strength (tint strength)
the relative ability of a pigment or dye to impart color to a printing ink.

tin lead plating
the union of connections in a printed circuit by coating with a thin layer of solder, a tin/lead alloy to form a electrical conductor across the connection.

tint
(1) a color or hue made lighter by adding white to the color; a degree of color lighter than normal; (2) a large area of specified dot size such as a 50% tint is a large area of exclusively 50% dots.

tinter
a concentrated color-base that is added to an ink in relatively small amounts to alter its color.

tinting
means of applying shading or special effects to artwork.

tinting strength
the color intesity of an ink determined by the amount of white ink that can be added and still produce a light shade of the original color.

tissue overlay
a thin translucent paper placed over artwork for production or to indicate instructions, corrections, or color breaks.

titanium dioxide (TiO₂)
a brilliant white powder used as an opaque white pigment derived from titanium ore.

TIV
acroynm for theoretical ink volume.

TL-9000
quality system requirements for suppliers to the telecommunications industry.

TLV
acroymn for threshold limit value.

TLV-PPM
acroynm for threshold limit value — parts per million.

TLV-STEL
acroymn for threshold limit value - short term exposure limit.

TLV-TWA
acroymn for threshold limit value - time weighted average.

toggle
the act of switching back and forth from one file or display to another to compare two images.

tolerance
the amount of allowable deviation from exact, original specifications; a permissible deviation.

toluene (toluol)
most powerful hydrocarbon solvent with a KB value of 105; an aromatic solvent of the ring hydrocarbon group most commonly used as a solvent for many synthetic resins and as thinner for coatings made from synthetic resins.

tonal range
(1) the entire area covering highlights, shadows, and all intermediate tones in a halftone; (2) the density difference of continuous tone images on either paper or film.

tonal resolution
the number of bits per pixel used in the digital representation of an image.

tone
(1) a degree of color made darker than the original hue by adding its complementary or black; (2) the degree of lightness or darkness in any given area of a print; (3) color created when gray is added to a pure hue; a hue or color blended with gray, also refer to shade.

tone compression
a reduction in the density range of photographic material in order to match printing conditions, and improve reproducibility.

tone/line conversion
refer to line conversion.

tone line technique
a process that converts continuous tone images into line reproductions that resemble pen and ink drawings.

tone curves
a representation of the tonal range of an image showing the progress from black to white. Some image editors allow these to be adjusted for fine tuning of the image.

tone reproduction curve
a graph depicting the relationship between the densities of the original and the corresponding densities of a printied reproduction.

toner
(1) a highly concentrated pigment and/or dye used to modify the hue or color strength of a printing ink; also refer to tinter.

toner, monocomponent
a toner that does not require a carrier used in magnetic printing.

tongue (tab)
a piece of cardboard that projects from the edge of a display part for locking it into place when setting up.

ton, long
refer to long ton.

ton, metric
refer to metric ton.

ton, short
refer to short ton.

tooth
(1) the surface quality of a paper that causes it to accept ink; (2) a slightly rough finish.

topcoat
a coating applied to the surface of inkjet and other substrates to enhence ink adhesion, control dot gain, drying time, and moisture resistance.

top coated film
polyester film that has been coated on the print side to increase ink receptivity and adhesion.

top frame
the printing head assembly of a flat bed press that houses various sub-assembly parts such as the squeegee, flood bar, screen holding device, and off-contact / peel-off mechanisms.

torr
a unit of pressure equal to 1.316 x 10^-3 atmosphere.

torsion
stress induced by twisting action.

touch up
the process of making corrections as in opaquing pinholes or defects in negatives and positives or adding final minor corrections to artwork, making corrections, or spotting pinholes in printing screens.

touch plate
the use of an additional screen to produce a special color, fluorescent, or white.

toughness
the relative ability of an ink, coating, or other material to resist cracking on impact.

tower ager
a structure consisting of a vertical chamber where screen printed cloth may be festooned from rods at the top for aging or heat curing, and a means of introducing steam or dry heat into the chamber.

tower easel
an easel for supporting very heavy displays.

toxic chemical
a chemical that has demonstrated a potential to cause death, cancer, or genetic defects through exposure to living organisms.

Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA)
enacted by Congressin 1976 to give EPA the ability to track the 75,000 industrial chemicals currently produced or imported into the United States.

toxicity
(1) the degree or intensity of virulence of a substance judged to be harmful to humans; (2) property of being harmful or poisonous.

toxicity rating
measurement used to determine toxic levels of substances, expressed as threshold limit value in parts per million (TLV-PPM).

Toyo
(1) a Japanese ink manufacturing company; (2) an alternative color matching system to Pantone Color Matching (PMS) called Toyo Color Finder.

Toyo 88 Color Finder
color matching system that contains more than 1000 colors mixed from eleven basic colors, five additive colors, and three specialty (metallic, fouorescent, and pearlescent) ink.

TP
acroynm for thermoplastic.

tpc
abbreviation for threads per centimeter.

tpi
abbreviation for threads per inch.

TQM
acroynm for total quality management.

TR
acroymn for total resistance of an electronic component.

TR limits
minimum and maximum allowable deviation of an electronic component from nominal value.

trace
the conductive path of current in a membrane switch.

traceability
the ability to determine history, application, or location of an item or activity by means of recorded identification.

tracing
the transferring of an image by placing a transparent sheet over it and pencilling the outlines on the transparent sheet.

tracking
(1) the degree of lateral movement of a belt such as a conveyor on a belt dryer; (2) the adjustment of overall spacing between all text characters in a word or words.

trademark
a name, symbol, or other identifying mark registered and legally restricted to the use of a specific owner or manufacturer.

trade name
identifies the name of a product or service of a manufacturer or distributor as it is known to the trade.

trade secret
any confidential formula, pattern, process, device, information or compilation of information that is used in an employer’s business, and that gives the employer an opportunity to obtain an advantage over competitors.

train
the moving area or zone of a printing screen that immediately follows the contact zone of the squeegee with the substrate, and precedes the release area determined by the off-contact distance and screen tension. (The train is the often visible part of the printing screen which adheres to the substrate temporarily prior to snap-off).

transfer adhesive
a powdered/granular adhesive that is dusted on a wet plastisol transfers to increase adhesion properties.

transfer adhesive sandwich
pressure sensitive adhesive coated between release liners with a release differential, so that the release liners can be peeled away successively for application of the adhesive alone to a substrate.

transfer film
an indirect type photosensitive stencil film; refer to indirect printing screen.

transfer ink
(1) ink that serves as the vehicle for sublimable dye that permits the dye to be printed onto a transfer paper for subsequent transfer to fabric; (2) plastisol ink designed for use with heat transfer process.

transfer paper
a wide variety of papers on which a design is printed and which acts as a temporary carrier of the design until permanently attached to a substrate.

transfer rate
speed at which data can be transferred expressed in kilo bytes per second (Kbps) or bytes per second (Bps).

transfer stencil
refer to indirect stencil.

transfer tape
(1) a pressure sensitive adhesive unsupported, applied to a two-sided release liner; (2) medium tack adhesive coated on translucent paper.

transmission densitometer
refer to densitometer, transmission.

transistor
a solid state active device made of semi-conductor material such as silicon or germanium, used to control, amplify, or boost electrical current.

translucent
the property of a material to allow the passage of some light rays in a diffused manner.

transmittance
to pass light through a substrate.

transmittance scale
a measure of light passing through a material, interpreted on a percentage scale of 0 to100, reading the reverse of percentage dot area.

transparency
(1) a film positive, either black and white or in color; (2) a printed piece on clear or transparent sheeting with transparent or translucent ink for backlighting in a display; (3) a positive image on photographic color film; (4) a manually produced design on transparent sheeting.

transparent acetate
a clear plastic sheet made of cellulose acetate.

transparent base
a semi-paste compound used as an ink additive to make the ink/base mixture less sticky or tacky, and to improve the release of the print from the printing screen.

transparent flap
refer to overlay.

transparent ink (translucent ink)
printing ink that permits the passage of light with minimal diffusion, so the reflecting design or object can be identified; a printing ink that does not conceal the color beneath, allows under colors to be seen.

transparent label
a pressure sensitive label whose face material adhesive and protective coatings transmit light, so objects may be seen through it.

trap
an area of overlapping ink where two differeny colors of ink meet.

trapping of ink
the property of a printing ink that makes it possible to superimpose one color on another, used to obtain a third color, a combination, or to hide the first by overprinting the second with an opaque color.

travel
the distance between a shorting pad and the circuit layer in circuit board construction.

traveling thermocouple
a long thermocouple design to run through a dryer or lehr to determine the temperature curve established by variances in different zones.

tray
a shallow, rectangular processing container for holding photographic chemicals.

trend chart
a simple graph where a particular variable is plotted over time; also refer to r chart.

triadic harmony
three colors spaced equally about a color wheel.

trial proof
prints made prior to obtaining the desired quality of reproduction.

triboelectricity
static electricity created by friction.

tribology
(1) the mechanism of friction, lubrication, and wear of intersecting surfaces that are in relative motion; (2) the science of friction; (3) abrasion testing technology.

trichlorethylene
a solvent that does not attack metals in the presents of moisture, used in degreasing of metals prior to coating.

trichloroethane,1,1,1
a chlorinated solvent used in some fluid mixtures for the removing ink stains from garments.

trichromatic printing
a process where a full color reproduction is obtained using three colors such as magenta, yellow, and cyan, which are the tri-colors.

triethylene glycol
the low volatility of this ether-alcohol makes it adaptable as a plasticizer for resins.

trilinear scanner
a scanning device that uses three linear array change coupled devices utilizing red, green, and blue filters to capture color scans in a single pass.

trim
to remove unwanted edges of a print by cutting.

trim size
the final size of a print after trimming.

triple rinsed
empty containers that have been flushed of residue three times, each time using a volume of dilutants at least equal to ten percent of the container’s capacity.

trisodium phosphate
a relatively inexpensive chemical with mild caustic action used in some household cleaners and in cleaning and degreasing printing screen mesh — no longer used in the industry because of wastewater contamination.

tristimulus
of or relating to values giving the amounts of the three colored lights, or receptors, red, green, and blue.

tristimulus colorimeter
an instrument that measures tristimulus values and converts them to chromaticity components of color.

tristimulus value
the value of the three references or matching stimuli required to produce a match with the object color stimulus, in a given trichromatic system.

tritone
an image reproduced using three colors.

troy weight
a system of units of weight where the grain is the same as in the avoirdupois system and a pound contains 12 ounces, 240 pennyweights, or 5760 grains.

Trumatch
developed in 1991, color matching system that uses digital technology to specify colors within desktop illustration and page layout software.

truevision advanced raster graphics adapter (TARGA)
a graphic expansion board and type of file format for exchanging 24-bit color files.

TS
abbreviation for tensile strength; acroynm for thermoset plastic.

TSCA
acroynm for Toxic Substances Control Act (US).

tube light source
exposing unit made with black light (or other) fluorescent tubes.

tumbling
the coating of parts by placing them in a rotating cylinder with inner vanes, along with the coating material.

tung oil (China wood oil)
a yellow brownish oil obtained from the seeds of a tung tree and used as a drying agent in varnishes and inks.

tunsten lamp
an incandescent electric bulb with a tungsten filament, 3200 Kelvin, an orange color.

tunnel
the passageway in a dryer or lehr through which printed goods pass on a conveyor belt.

turbidimeter
a device that measures the amount of suspended solids in a liquid.

turbidity
loss of transparency of an ink or coating due to diffusion created by the presence of particulate matter.

turn table
a revolving index table for feeding flat or three-dimensional objects into an automated screen printing press.

turpentine
a colorless, volitale oil, obtained by distilling the oleoresin of coniferous trees, used as cleaning solvent and as additive for ink and varnish mixtures.

turpentine, gum
a volatile oil obtained by distilling the resin extracted by tapping living pine trees,and who’s main constituent is Pinene.

turpentine, steam distilled
a solvent produced by extracting the resin from fallen pines and stumps using a solvent.

turret
refer to base chuck.

tusche
a black or very dark gray waxy substance that repels water, used to manually draw design on the screen printing mesh to make a printing screen.

tusche-glue printing screen
a printing screen made manually by drawing desired design on the mounted, properly stretched screen printing mesh with tusche, squeegeeing a coating of water soluble glue on one side, then dissolving the tusche with mineral spirits. (The tusche having been placed where the stencil is to print, it is then washed out leaving the open stencil design). No longer used in the industry.

TW
acroynm for twill weave.

tweaking
to make minor adjustments.

twenty-four (24) sheet poster (billboard)
larger outdoor poster, approximately 277 x 605 cm (109 x 238 inches), usually consisting of 10 sheets or less; refer to poster paper.

twill weave (TW)
a pattern of weave where threads are woven over one and under two. (The area in which one thread crosses over two threads is called a float).

twist
spiral turns about an axis per unit length for textile strand, expressed in turns per centimeter or inch.

two-package system
epoxy composition for screen printing or coating where the catalyst is packaged separately for mixing just prior to use.

two-part (two-pack)
ink system that requires the addition of a catalyst agent that activates curing.

two-point system
in halftone photography, a method for specifying the highlight and shadow dots on a gray scale; also refer to three-point system.

two-pot system
ink or coating where two reactive components are mixed just prior to use; refer to catalyzed system.

tympan
a makeready oil, chemical, and ink resistant packing paper manufactured in calipers from 0.003 to 0.15 inches.

type
a group of characters used to form a descriptive word.

type body size
the height of the type measured from the top of the tallest ascender to the bottom of the lowest descender expressed in points.

type gauge
a printer’s measurement tool calibrated in picas and points.

type high
0.918 inches (23.32 mm), the standard in letterpress.

typical error
an inaccuracy within plus or minus one standard deviation of the nominal specified value, as computed from the total population.

typo
abbreviation for typographical error; an error in the typeset copy.

typography
the art and craft of creating and/or setting type; the design and planning of printed matter.

Tyvek®
trademark Du Pont for material that is a spunbonded structure of high density olefin fibers.

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